Microwave backscatter from directional seas

Microwave backscatter and acoustic radiation from breaking waves

An experimental study of the microwave backscatter and acoustic radiation from breaking waves is reported. It is found that the averaged microwave and acoustic measurements correlate with the dynamics of wave breaking. Both the mean-square acoustic pressure and the backscattered microwave power correlate with the wave slope and dissipation, for waves of moderate slope (S < 0.28). The backscatte...

A stochastic, multiscale model of microwave backscatter from the ocean

[1] The conventional view of microwave backscatter from the ocean is based on composite surface and quasi-specular theories. In this view, backscatter at intermediate incidence angles is due to Bragg scattering from freely propagating short surface waves that are advected and modulated by longer waves. At small incidence angles the scattering process becomes quasi-specular, coming from small fa...

Large-scale Inverse Modeling of Microwave Backscatter from Sea Ice

.'..I AbstructMany forward electromagnetic scattering models have been proposed to predict the normalized radar cross section, &', from sea ice characteristics. In this paper, we apply scatterometer data to large scale inverse modeling. Given the limited resolution, we adopt a simple geometric optics forward scattering model to analyze surface and volume scattering contributions to observed Ku-...

Intermediate Wave Effects in Microwave Backscatter from the Ocean

Ice cover variability in the Caspian and Aral seas from active and passive microwave satellite data

Kouraev et al. 2003: Polar Research 22(1), 43–50 A stable and strong ice cover forms during winter months in the Aral Sea and northern part of the Caspian Sea. The presence of ice cover negatively affects navigation and fi shery condi tions and endangers facilities located on the coast as well as on the shelf, such as oil rigs that have recently been installed in the northern Caspian by Russia ...